One of the most important organs in the body, the liver helps with digestion, controls metabolism and filters toxins. When the liver fails, it can have life-threatening consequences. Liver failure happens when the liver can no longer function normally, either abruptly (acute liver failure) or gradually(chronic liver failure). Understanding the causes, symptoms, tests and treatment options for liver failure can help in early diagnosis and management.

Causes of liver failure

Liver failure can be caused by several factors-

• Hepatitis infections: Hepatitis A, B and c are viral infections that can severely damage the liver.
• Excess Alcohol Consumption: Excess alcohol consumption may cause cirrhosis, a primary reason for liver failure.
• Non-Alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) – Inflammation and scarring may be caused by fat accumulation in the liver.
• Drug Toxicity: Taking excessive medicines, especially Tylenol, can lead to acute liver failure.
• Autoimmune diseases: When the immune system attacks liver cells, this causes autoimmune hepatitis.
• Metabolic disorders: Harmful metal accumulation in the liver may lead to two hereditary liver disorders - Wilson's disease and hemochromatosis.
• Liver cancer: Liver function can gradually decline due to liver cancer.
• Poisoning: Rapid liver failure can be caused by ingesting poisonous substances such as industrial chemicals or some types of mushrooms.

Symptoms of liver failure

The severity and course of illness determine the symptoms of liver failure. Some common symptoms include:

Jaundice(eyes and skin become yellow)

Pain and swelling in the abdomen

Nausea and vomiting

Fatigue and weakness

Cognitive problems and confusion ( hepatic encephalopathy)

Loss of appetite

Pale stools and dark urine

Unexpected bleeding or bruising

Liver failure tests

Early detection of liver failure is important for efficient treatment. Several tests are done to detect liver failure-

• Blood tests – Blood tests include

1. LFT- Liver Function Test(LFT) measures bilirubin and enzyme levels.
2. PT- Prothrombin time (PT) checks blood clot ability in the liver.
3. Ammonia levels- This helps to indicate hepatic encephalopathy.

• Image tests include- MRI, CT scan and Ultrasound. These tests may help detect damage and tumours in the liver.
• Biopsy of the liver- This test helps to determine the extent of liver damage by using a small tissue sample.
• Autoimmune tests/genetic tests – These tests are conducted to identify autoimmune disorders and inherited liver diseases.

Treatments for liver failure

Liver treatment depends on the severity and underlying causes of liver failure-

• Medications- Steroids for autoimmune hepatitis, chelating agents for metal overload and antiviral medications for hepatitis.
• Changes in the lifestyle- Maintaining a balanced diet, managing diabetes and avoiding alcohol consumption can reduce the progression of liver diseases.
• Liver transplant- A liver transplant may be needed in critical situations.

Supportive care includes dialysis, intravenous fluids and management of side effects such as bleeding and infections.

Why is Ujala Cygnus the best gastroenterology hospital in India?

The gastroenterology team at Ujala Cygnus is committed to offering the best possible care. Ujala Cygnus, the top gastroenterology hospital in Haldwani provide the best and most dependable care for gastro patients at affordable treatments utilizing cutting-edge technology and a patient-centric approach. Ujala Cygnus is one of the leading gastro liver hospitals in India for gastrointestinal treatments because of its state-of-the-art equipment, creative intensive care units and top gastroenterologists.          

Conclusion-

Healthy lifestyle choices, quick vaccines and routine checkups are important in preventing liver failure. If you have any liver disorder, consult doctor and visit the best gastroenterology hospital in Haldwani for the top-notch treatment.

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